Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Receptor Agonist

Semaglutide and Tirzepatide are highly effective medications for managing obesity and supporting weight loss. They work by mimicking natural hormones—GLP-1, and in the case of Tirzepatide, both GLP-1 and GIP—that help regulate appetite, blood sugar, and metabolism.

GLP-1 medications have been used in medicine since 2005 for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. They have been approved for weight loss since 2014.

Benefits

• Significant weight loss

• Enhanced insulin sensitivity

• Reduced cardiovascular risk (Semaglutide)

• Kidney benefits

• Liver benefits

• Promising areas include polycystic ovary syndrome, addiction, osteoarthritis pain, and peripheral artery disease.

Potential Side Effects

• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation (most common when starting treatment)

• Possible increased risk of pancreatitis

• FDA boxed warning for thyroid tumors (seen in animal studies, not humans)

Safety Considerations

These medications may not be appropriate for people with a history of:

• Pancreatitis

• Certain thyroid cancers (medullary thyroid carcinoma)

Before starting therapy, it’s important to discuss your medical history and goals with a qualified provider to determine if GLP-1 or GIP medications are the right fit for you.